LANDAU, ISAAC ELIJAH BEN SAMUEL
- LANDAU, ISAAC ELIJAH BEN SAMUEL
- LANDAU, ISAAC ELIJAH BEN SAMUEL (1801–1876), Lithuanian
preacher and biblical commentator. Landau was born in Vilna. He married
the daughter of the wealthy and well-known Zadok Marshalkovitch of Dubno
and was relieved of financial cares, and although he did occasionally
engage in business, he spent most of his life in Dubno compiling his
books and sermons, using the method of parables in the style of
jacob kranz , the Maggid of Dubno. Landau was chosen by the
communities of Volhynia to be their representative on the committee set
up by the Russian minister of the interior to deal with religious
affairs, and for this purpose he lived in St. Petersburg for several
months in 1861. In 1868 he became official preacher and
dayyan of Vilna. His sermons were popular.
The following are among his main works: Ma'aneh Eliyahu
(Vilna, 1840), a commentary on the Tanna de-Vei Eliyahu
published in the same volume with Si'aḥ Yiẓḥak, biblical and
aggadic novellae; Berurei ha-Middot (Vilna, 1844),
expositions and novellae to the Mekhilta, to which was joined a
treatise, Miẓẓui ha-Middot, "for the understanding of
biblical rhetoric and the sayings of the sages"; Mikra
Soferim (Suwalki, 1862), expositions and novellae to tractate
Soferim; and Dover Shalom (Warsaw, 1863), a
commentary on the prayer book. The following of his commentaries and
parables on the Bible have been published: Patshegen, a
commentary on Proverbs (Koenigsberg, 1858), Psalms (Warsaw, 1866), and
12 Minor Prophets and the Five Scrolls (Vilna, 1869/70); and
Patshegen ha-Dat (Vilna, 1872/5), on the Pentateuch. Landau
published the Derekh Ereẓ Zuta (1872) with the commentary
Derekh Ḥayyim
ve-Orḥhot Ḥayyim; and expositions of the aggadot
of the Talmud to Berakhot and Shabbat (Vilna,
1876). His sermons were published in Vilna in 1871 and 1876.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
S. Fuenn, Kiryah (19152), 230; idem, Keneset, 632;
H.N. Maggid-Steinschneider, Ir Vilna (1900), 92–97; P. Pesis,
Ir Dubno ve-Rabbaneiha (1902), 34f.; Ḥ.D. Friedberg,
Benei Landau le-Mishpehotam (1905), 21; S.J. Glicksberg,
Ha-Derashah be-Yisrael (1940), 435f.; Yahadut
Lita, 1 (1959), 349; 3 (1967), 65.
(Yehoshua Horowitz)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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